Dongmi

Eastern Esoteric Buddhism (Dōngmì 東密)

20th Century Chinese History

1. In Japan, this term, pronounced "tōmitsu", refers to the esoteric Buddhism of the Shingon School 真言宗.

2. In China, in the early 20th century, this term sometimes referred to all Japanese Esoteric Buddhism, in contradistinction to "Western", or Tibetan, Esoteric Buddhism Ximi. Although the term meant Japanese Esoteric Buddhism generally, in practice, most of those who promoted Japanese Buddhism in China during this time had studied in only the Shingon School.

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Notable Proponents in China

• Dàyǒng 大勇Dayong
• Chéng Zháiān 程宅安 Cheng Zhaian
• Chísōng 持松 Chisong
• Chúnmì 純密 Chunmi
• Guì Bóhuá 桂伯華 Gui Bohua
• Tánxuán 談玄 Tanxuan
• Wáng Hóngyuàn 王弘願 Wang Hongyuan
• Xiǎnyìn 顯蔭 Xianyin

Notable Proponents in Japan

• Gonda Raifu
• Kanayama Bokusho
• Shaku Unshō
• Shaku Kōzen

Notable Proponents in Inner Mongolia/Manchukuo

• Renzhong 仁忠
• Baoyan 宝厳
• Liangdi 良諦
• Daohai 道海
• Dejing 徳浄
• 薩金徳勒格爾
• 道爾吉
• 巴拉机爾
• 林泌札木蘇

References

• Bianchi, Ester. "The Tantric Rebirth Movement in Modern China." Acta Orientalia, vol. 57, no. 1 (April 2004): 31-54.